Sector — Ultrasound reporting templates

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Abdomen & pelvis

Obstetrics

Small parts

MSK — upper limb

MSK — lower limb

Soft tissue

Reference

Abdomen & pelvis

Abdomen

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ABDOMEN ULTRASOUND

Indications-

Comparison- US.

Findings-
Liver : The liver is not enlarged. Length cm. Normal echogenicity, with normal appearing parenchyma. No solid or cystic lesion is seen.
Portal Vein : Flow direction and waveform pattern are normal.
TAPV (Time averaged peak systolic velocity): cm/sec. (Normal >15 cm/sec.)
Gall Bladder : Normal. No gall bladder wall thickening, or pericholecystic fluid. Negative sonographic murphy’s sign.
Bile Ducts : Intrahepatic normal. CBD diameter is normal
Pancreas : Partly obscured by bowel gases. Visualized portions appear normal.
Right Kidney : Length cm. Normal.
Left Kidney : Length cm. Normal.
Spleen : Length cm. Normal.
Urinary Bladder : Not full to assess. No abnormality seen otherwise.
Aorta : Not aneurysmal
Other : Visualized portion of IVC is normal. No peritoneal free fluid.

Radiologist Conclusion-

Common patterns

Abdomen

Coarse echogenic liver with poor beam penetration and blurred vessel walls? hepatic steatosis
Nodular liver surface, caudate hypertrophy, coarse parenchyma? cirrhosis
Hepatofugal (reversed) portal flow or TAPV <15 cm/sec? portal hypertension
Mobile echogenic focus in gallbladder with clean posterior shadowing? cholelithiasis
GB wall >3 mm, pericholecystic fluid, positive sonographic Murphy? acute cholecystitis
Immobile non-shadowing GB lesion with internal vascularity? polyp or neoplasm
Non-compressible, blind-ending tubular structure in the RLQ measuring [X] mm in maximum outer diameter with positive probe tenderness, mild surrounding fat stranding, no appendicolith, and no free fluid? acute appendicitis
Well-defined homogeneous hyperechoic liver lesion? haemangioma
CBD >6 mm (>10 mm post-cholecystectomy) with intrahepatic duct dilatation? biliary obstruction
Anechoic thin-walled liver lesion with posterior enhancement? simple hepatic cyst
Bulky hypoechoic pancreas ± peripancreatic fluid? pancreatitis
Aortic diameter ≥3 cm? abdominal aortic aneurysm
Splenic length >13 cm? splenomegaly

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Abdomen & pelvis

Pelvis female

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PELVIC ULTRASOUND

Indications-

Comparison- US Pelvis

Findings-
LMP : / /
Transabdominal and transvaginal ultrasound was performed.
Uterus : Anterverted, measuring x x cm. Volume cc. Normal myometrial parenchyma.
Cervix :
Endometrium : Measuring mm double wall thickness. No mass or polyp seen. No abnormal vascularity.
Right Ovary : Volume cc. No abnormality seen.
Left Ovary : Volume cc. No abnormality seen.
Adnexae : Both adnexae appear normal.
Free Fluid : None.
Kidneys : Both kidneys appear normal.
Bladder : Normal. Bilateral urinary jets seen.
Prevoid Volume : cc
Postvoid Volume : cc

Radiologist Conclusion-

Common patterns

Pelvis female

Well-defined hypoechoic myometrial mass, whorled, with edge shadowing? fibroid
Globular uterus, heterogeneous myometrium, venetian-blind shadowing? adenomyosis
Focal endometrial thickening with a single feeder vessel? endometrial polyp
Endometrium >4 mm in a postmenopausal patient? hyperplasia, warrants correlation
Simple anechoic adnexal cyst, thin walled, posterior enhancement? functional cyst
Cyst with diffuse low-level internal echoes, ground-glass? endometrioma
Cyst with echogenic shadowing focus, fat-fluid level, dermoid mesh? mature cystic teratoma
≥20 follicles (2–9 mm) per ovary or ovarian volume >10 mL? polycystic ovarian morphology
Tubular serpiginous adnexal structure with incomplete septa, cogwheel sign? hydrosalpinx / PID
Enlarged oedematous ovary with absent or reduced flow? ovarian torsion
Free fluid in the pouch of Douglas? physiologic vs haemoperitoneum

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Obstetrics

OB Dating

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OBSTETRICS/ FIRST TRIMESTER/ DATING ULTRASOUND

History-
LMP: / / 2026. Gestational age according to LMP: wk d.
G/ P/ A

Comparison- 2026 – US Obstetrics

Overview-
EDD by first scan: / / 2026
Current gestational age: wk d by first US performed on / / 2026

Findings-
Transabdominal and transvaginal ultrasound performed. (Patient did not wish to undertake endovaginal exam)
Type of gestation : Singleton
CRL : cm - wk d
FHR : bpm
Yolk Sac : mm
Gestational sac : cm - wk d
Ultrasound gestational age : wk d
EDD : / / 2026
Sub chorionic hematoma : None. to the gestational sac measuring x x cm
Uterus : Normal
Cervix : Closed.
Left ovary: Normal. Heterogeneous lesion with peripheral vascularity measuring x x cm, most likely represent corpus luteum.
Right ovary: Normal
Adnexae : Normal
Free Fluid : None
Bilateral maternal kidneys : Appear normal.

Single live intrauterine pregnancy corresponding to the gestational age of weeks days, according to today’s fetal biometry.
EDD according to today’s exam is th , 2026.
Small subchorionic hemorrhage present.
Follow-up booked after 2 weeks for accurate dating.
Patient has been scheduled for NT and Anatomy scan.

Radiologist Conclusion-

Common patterns

OB Dating

Gestational sac ≥25 mm MSD with no embryo? anembryonic pregnancy
CRL ≥7 mm with no cardiac activity? early pregnancy failure
Crescentic anechoic collection between chorion and uterine wall? subchorionic haematoma
Empty uterus with adnexal tubal ring and positive βhCG? ectopic pregnancy — urgent
Low sac position, irregular contour, open internal os? threatened or inevitable miscarriage
Echogenic cystic “snowstorm” intrauterine tissue without a fetus? molar pregnancy
Adnexal cyst with peripheral ring-of-fire vascularity? corpus luteum
CRL and LMP differ by more than 7 daysredate by CRL

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Obstetrics

OB Anatomy new

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OBSTETICAL/ DETAILED ANATOMY ULTRASOUND

History-
G/ P/ A

Comparison- 2026 – US Obstetrical/

Overview-
EDD by first scan: / / 2026
Current gestational: wk d by first US performed on / / 2026

Findings-
GENERAL SURVEY
Type of gestation: Singleton
Presentation: Mobile
Placenta: Anterior, posterior, fundal. Distance from the internal os > 2 cm. Cord insertion is central/ marginal.
FHR: Normal, bpm
Amniotic fluid: Normal, SDP - cm
Cervix: Closed, Length - cm

FETAL ANATOMY
Spine: Normal.
Diaphragm: Normal.
Head
Falx Cerebri: Normal.
CSP: Normal.
Choroid Plexus: Normal.
Lateral Ventricles: Normal.
Cerebellum: Normal.
Cisterna Magna: Normal.
Nuchal Fold: Normal.
Profile/ Nasal bone: Normal.
Orbits/ Lenses: Normal.
Nose/ Lips: Normal.
Chest
4 Chamber View: Normal.
RVOT/ LVOT: Normal.
3 Vessel View: Normal.
Abdomen
Kidneys: Normal.
Stomach: Normal.
Umbilical Cord Insertion: Normal.
3 Vessel Cord: Normal.
Urinary Bladder: Normal.
Bowel: Normal.
Extremities
Upper extremity/ Hands: Normal.
Lower extremity/ Feet: Normal.
Foot/ Ankle: Normal.

FETAL BIOMETRY
BPD: cm = wk d
HC: cm = wk d
AC: cm = wk d
FL: cm = wk d
Average Gestational age by biometry = wk d.
EFW: g (+/- g), at %ile

MATERNAL STRUCTURES
Uterus and both Adnexae:
Maternal Kidneys:

Today’s fetal age according to the biometry is wk d, which is concordant with the gestational age.
All anatomical structures were seen and appear normal.
Rest of the anatomical structures were seen and appear normal.
Patient is booked for a follow up ultrasound after a week to complete the Anatomy scan.

Radiologist Conclusion-

Common patterns

OB Anatomy new

Lateral ventricle atrium >10 mm? ventriculomegaly
Absent CSP with lemon-shaped head and banana cerebellum? open neural tube defect
Cisterna magna >10 mm? posterior fossa anomaly
Nuchal fold >6 mm at 15–22 weeks? aneuploidy marker
Placenta covering or within 2 cm of the internal os? praevia or low-lying
Cervical length <25 mm? cervical insufficiency
SDP <2 cm or AFI <5 cm? oligohydramnios
SDP >8 cm or AFI >24 cm? polyhydramnios
Two-vessel cord? single umbilical artery
AC or EFW below the 10th centile? growth restriction; above 90th ? macrosomia
Bowel echogenicity comparable to iliac bone? echogenic bowel, soft marker
Renal pelvis AP >4 mm (2nd trim) or >7 mm (3rd trim)? pyelectasis
Dilated stomach with double-bubble appearance? duodenal atresia

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Obstetrics

OB BPP

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OBSTETRICS/ BIOPHYSICAL PROFILE

History-
For growth, position and well being. G/ P/ A

Comparison- US Obstetrics

Overview-
EDD by first scan: / /
Current gestational age: wk d by first US performed on / / 2026

Findings-
GENERAL SURVEY:
Type of gestation: Singleton
Presentation: Cephalic, Breech, Transverse.
Placenta: Position - , Distance from cervix > 2 cm, Cord insertion - .
FHR: bpm
Cervix: Closed, Length - cm
Amniotic fluid: SDP - cm, AFI - cm.

ANATOMY:
4 Chamber: Normal
LVOT: Normal
RVOT: Normal
3VV: Normal
Stomach: Normal
Kidneys: Normal
Bladder: Normal
Bowel: Normal
Diaphragm: Normal
Spine: Normal
Profile: Normal
Nose/ lips: Normal
Lateral Ventricles: Normal
CSP: Normal
Limited anatomy was done today due to advanced gestational age

FETAL BIOMETRY :
BPD: mm= wk d ( %ile)
HC: mm= wk d ( %ile)
AC: mm= wk d ( %ile)
FL: mm= wk d ( %ile)
Average gestational age by biometry: Weeks day
EFW: g (+/_ g) ; Growth percentile: %ile

BIOPHYSICAL PROFILE :
AFI = 2
Fetal Breathing = 2
Fetal movements = 2
Fetal tone = 2
TOTAL SCORE = 8/8

DOPPLER UMBILICAL ARTERY :
PI:
RI:

Maternal Structures:
Uterus and both adnexae: Normal.
Kidneys: Normal.
Today’s fetal age according to the biometry is wk d, which is concordant with the gestational age.
BPP score is / 8

Radiologist Conclusion-

Common patterns

OB BPP

Score 8/8 or 8/10 with normal fluidreassuring
Score 6/10equivocal, repeat as directed
Score ≤4/10non-reassuring — urgent correlation
No fetal breathing episode ≥30 sec over 30 minscore 0 for breathing
Fewer than 3 body or limb movements over 30 minscore 0 for movement
SDP <2 cm? oligohydramnios, score 0 for fluid
Umbilical artery PI or RI above the 95th centile? placental insufficiency
Absent or reversed end-diastolic flow? severe placental compromise — urgent
EFW below the 10th centile with abnormal Dopplers? fetal growth restriction

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Small parts

Scrotum

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SCROTAL ULTRASOUND

Indications-

Comparison- US

Findings-
Right Testicle:
No focal mass or other parenchymal abnormality.
Normal size with a volume measurement of x x cm. Volume - cc.
Normal vascularity on the Doppler study.
Left Testicle:
No focal mass or other parenchymal abnormality.
Normal size with a volume measurement of x x cm. Volume - cc.
Normal vascularity on the Doppler study.
Right epididymis:
Normal appearance with normal vascularity. Length Epididymis Head - mm
Left epididymis:
Normal appearance with normal vascularity. Length Epididymis Head - mm
Hydrocele: None
Varicocele: None
Kidneys:No hydronephrosis in B/L kidneys

Inguinal Region:B/L inguinla region normal scan

Radiologist Conclusion-

Common patterns

Scrotum

Absent or markedly reduced intratesticular flow with an enlarged hypoechoic testis? torsion — urgent
Enlarged hyperaemic epididymis (head >12 mm) ± reactive hydrocele? epididymitis
Enlarged hypoechoic hypervascular testis? orchitis
Solid intratesticular mass with internal vascularity? testicular neoplasm — urgent correlation
Anechoic fluid surrounding the testis? hydrocele
Serpiginous peritesticular veins >2–3 mm with reflux on Valsalva? varicocele
Five or more echogenic non-shadowing foci per field? testicular microlithiasis
Well-defined anechoic lesion in the epididymal head? epididymal cyst / spermatocele
Peristalsing bowel or fat within the inguinal canal on Valsalva? inguinal hernia

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MSK — lower limb

Ankle

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ANKLE ULTRASOUND

History-

Comparison- US

Findings-
Anterior Compartment :
Anterior joint recess:
Tibialis anterior, Extensor digitorum longus, External hallucis longus appears normal with normal attachment
Lateral Compartment :
Peroneus tendons and sheath: Normal
Calcaneofibular ligament: Normal
Anterior talofibular ligament: Normal
Anterior tibia/fibula ligament: Normal
Medial Compartment :
Posterior tibial vessels and nerve appear normal
Tibialis posterior, Flexor digitorum longus, Flexor hallucis longus appears normal
Deltoid ligament appears intact
Posterior Compartment :
Achilles tendon: Intact
Soleus Muscle: Normal
Retrocalcaneal bursa /fat pad: Normal

Radiologist Conclusion-

Common patterns

Ankle

Fusiform hypoechoic thickening of Achilles >6 mm AP with neovascularity? Achilles tendinopathy
Fibre discontinuity with retraction and a positive Thompson test? Achilles rupture
Fluid in the retrocalcaneal bursa with cortical irregularity? retrocalcaneal bursitis / Haglund
Hypoechoic thickened tibialis posterior with sheath fluid? tibialis posterior dysfunction
Thickened hypoechoic ATFL with discontinuity? lateral ligament sprain
Peroneal tendons subluxing anterior to the lateral malleolus on dorsiflexion? peroneal instability
Anechoic distension of the anterior joint recess? ankle effusion
Anechoic well-defined lesion adjacent to a tendon sheath? ganglion
Enlarged hypoechoic tibial nerve at the tarsal tunnel? tarsal tunnel syndrome

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Soft tissue

Misc Findings

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MISC FINDINGS ULTRASOUND

History-

Comparison-

Findings-
१. Osgood-Schlatter Disease

There is an irregularity of the osseous structure at the proximal tibial tuberosity. The distal patellar tendon appears thickened with reduced internal echogenicity ? Osgood-Schlatter disease.

२. Dupuytren Contracture

[A single / Two separate], well-defined, hypoechoic, and elongated lesion(s) noted at the site of the palpable nodule on the palmar aspect of the hand. The lesion is located between the skin and the 4th digit flexor tendon. No cystic changes, calcifications, or internal vascularity are observed within the nodule(s) - ? Dupuytren contracture.

Radiologist Conclusion-

Common patterns

Misc Findings

Irregular proximal tibial tuberosity with a thickened hypoechoic distal patellar tendon? Osgood-Schlatter disease
Well-defined hypoechoic elongated palmar nodule tethered to the flexor tendon? Dupuytren contracture
Non-compressible vein with echogenic intraluminal material and absent flow? deep vein thrombosis — urgent
Anechoic collection with mobile internal debris and hyperaemic rim? abscess
Echogenic foci with dirty shadowing and reverberation in soft tissue? soft tissue gas — urgent correlation
Linear echogenic foreign body with posterior shadowing and hypoechoic halo? retained foreign body
Cobblestone appearance of subcutaneous fat with anechoic septal fluid? cellulitis or oedema
Enlarged hypoechoic node with absent hilum in a superficial station? pathological node

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